What If the Furnace Wall of Calcium Carbide Furnace Turns Red?

In the process of calcium carbide production, the redness of the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace generally occurs in the process of a new furnace opening load or high load. Generally, the red position of the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace will be distributed in the left or right place directly above the furnace hole. Without timely treatment, the furnace lining will be burned in a large area, which will not only seriously affect the production of calcium carbide, but also seriously shorten the service time of the furnace lining. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the research on the causes of furnace wall redness of calcium carbide furnaces, and take corresponding measures to effectively solve the existing problems, so as to ensure the smooth development of relevant work of calcium carbide production.

1. Causes of Redness of Furnace Wall of Calcium Carbide Furnace

（1） Carbide Furnace Crucible Wall Thermoelectricity

For the calcium carbide furnace, the generated arc is mainly provided by three-phase electrodes. When the arc channel is formed, there will be a current path between the three-phase electrodes. However, due to the high unstable state of the arc, the arc of each phase electrode will be affected by the magnetic field of other two-phase electrodes in the working process, resulting in the arc at the position where both ends of the electrode are close to the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace. Under the force of the magnetic field, the arc will blow out, and finally, hot spots will be generated on the crucible wall at the left or right position directly above the furnace hole of the calcium carbide furnace, resulting in the red phenomenon of the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace.

（2） Three-phase Electrode Power Imbalance

For the three-phase electrodes used in the operation of the calcium carbide furnace, the electrode power has high variability, that is, there is a large difference in the insertion depth of each phase electrode in the three-phase electrode, and the communication state of the crucible area of each phase electrode is poor, so that the furnace charge in the calcium carbide furnace cannot be melted evenly. At the same time, because the arc itself has strong magnetic control characteristics, the arc is regarded as a whole and its stress is analyzed. When the three-phase electrode is inserted into the material with the same depth, after the arc is successfully introduced into the three-phase electrode, the magnetic field force and electric field force borne by the arc have the same degree, and they remain in balance.

However, when there is a difference in the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the material, after the arc is successfully introduced into the three-phase electrode, the degree of the magnetic field force and the electric field force are borne by the arc changes. When the electrode insertion depth is relatively shallow, the energy of the magnetic field force is greater than the electric field force. At this time, the arc at the higher electrode position will shift to the position of the calcium carbide furnace wall under the action of the magnetic field force. In addition, when the magnetic field force acts on the strong phase electrode with high power, the arc will be biased to the side of the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace. At this time, the lining material inside the calcium carbide furnace will be damaged under the high temperature generated by the arc. If the power of three-phase electrodes is unbalanced for a long time, the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace will be seriously damaged.

（3） Partial Damage to Furnace wall

The redness of the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace may also be caused by the damage to some parts of the furnace wall. The main reasons are that there is no effective protective layer and the quality of refractory materials is unqualified. For the failure to form an effective protective layer, it is mainly because the carbide furnace wall did not form a hard shell layer with a high hardness on the furnace wall during the new opening process. When the carbide furnace load increases rapidly, the arc will shift to one side, and the concentrated high temperature will burn the lining materials in the carbide furnace. In view of the unqualified quality of refractory materials, the main reason is that the masonry is not carried out in strict accordance with the construction technical specifications, resulting in the thermal expansion damage of refractory materials after a load of calcium carbide furnace increases.

2. Measures to Solve the Redness of Calcium Carbide Furnace Wall

（1） Prevent the Furnace Wall of the Calcium Carbide Furnace from Reddening

The redness of the furnace wall of a calcium carbide furnace can not be solved only when the color appears, but can be prevented in advance, so as to ensure that the redness of the furnace wall of a calcium carbide furnace can be effectively solved without burning the furnace lining. The following aspects can be started.

First, if the calcium carbide furnace for producing calcium carbide is newly opened, the lifting speed of the electrode load must be strictly controlled before use.

Second, strengthen the management of carbide furnace electrodes to ensure that the position of the three-phase electrode holder is always highly reasonable. On this basis, ensure that the electrode power is effectively balanced.

Third, if there is a melting hole on the surface of the furnace charge during the furnace opening process, it must be treated the first time.

At the same time, increase the frequency of treating the charged surface to ensure that the charge has high permeability. In addition, when the furnace charge around the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace collapses, the collapsed furnace charge must be crushed and compacted the first time, and the new furnace charge must be filled in time.

Fourth, the quality of calcium carbide raw materials should be strictly controlled, especially the content of MgO should be scientifically proportioned.

Fifth, strictly control the quality of refractory materials used in each link of the construction process. Starting from the selection of refractory materials, strengthen the quality control of quality acceptance, concealed works construction, oven drying and other processes, and finally ensure that the construction quality can reach a satisfactory level.

（2） Treatment of Furnace Wall Redness of Calcium Carbide Furnace

When dealing with the red state of the calcium carbide furnace wall, we can start from the following aspects.

First, when the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace has a large red area, the operation of the calcium carbide furnace must be stopped for the first time. When the temperature of the calcium carbide furnace is reduced to normal temperature, the red part of the calcium carbide furnace shall be excavated, and materials such as electrode paste or castable and refractory bricks shall be mixed, and then poured at the red position, crushed and compacted, and then the furnace material shall be covered on the surface.

Second, when processing the red position of the calcium carbide furnace wall from outside the furnace, it should be noted that the red furnace shell should be cut first, the burned furnace wall should be hollowed out, and the fried electrode paste should be filled to the bottom, then the refractory materials should be filled in the upper layer, and finally, the furnace shell should be welded to ensure its high integrity.

Third, in order to ensure that the red position of the calcium carbide furnace wall can be quickly cooled to room temperature after the calcium carbide furnace wall has been repaired, the water-cooling box can be welded to the red position of the calcium carbide furnace shell, and its surface can be cooled.

In a word, the furnace wall of a calcium carbide furnace is prone to reddening. Through the above research on the causes and treatment measures of the reddening of the furnace wall of a calcium carbide furnace, we can understand that when the furnace wall of a calcium carbide furnace has shown a reddening state, it means that the furnace lining has been basically burned, which will seriously shorten the service time of refractory materials. Therefore, in the process of calcium carbide production, it is necessary to observe the furnace wall of the calcium carbide furnace with high frequency. On this basis, the load borne by the calcium carbide furnace shall be reasonably controlled to ensure that the furnace charge has high permeability and the insertion depth of the electrode is the same, so as to ensure that the production work has high stability.

If you are interested in a calcium carbide furnace, please feel free to contact me.

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