Types of Induction Furnace

According to structures, types of induction furnace can be divided into crucible type (usually referred to as coreless induction furnace) and groove type (usually referred to as cored induction furnace). Crucible type is divided by frequency, including power frequency and intermediate frequency. Groove type can be divided into vertical type and horizontal type.

In the field of casting, an induction furnace has three purposes: melting, heat preservation, and pouring. Therefore, there are melting furnaces, holding furnaces, and pouring furnaces according to the use.

A power-frequency crucible induction furnace is mainly used for smelting cast iron and non-ferrous metals. Due to the large electromagnetic stirring force and the short service life of the furnace lining during steelmaking, steelmaking is not suitable unless the service life of refractory materials can be solved. For non-ferrous metals (such as oxygen-free copper) with strict gas content requirements, it is also inappropriate to use a power-frequency crucible induction furnace. When the power frequency crucible induction furnace is used as the holding furnace, the induction coil is short, about 1/4 of the crucible height.

A medium-frequency crucible induction furnace is suitable for smelting and heat preservation of iron, steel, and non-ferrous metals. Compared with the power frequency crucible induction furnace, the medium frequency crucible induction furnace has the advantages of large power density, convenient melting, no need for a three-phase balance device, and small furnace body size under the same productivity conditions. Because it can be emptied, it is more convenient to change metal varieties.

Crucible induction furnace is characterized by a simple furnace lining shape, convenient furnace construction, easy inspection and repair of furnace lining, and can be started and stopped at any time. The grooved induction furnace is mainly used for smelting and thermal insulation of copper, aluminum, zinc, and other non-ferrous metals, and thermal insulation of cast iron, as well as the pouring furnace on the pouring line.

The characteristics of the trench-type induction furnace are that the electric efficiency and power factor of the furnace are higher than those of the crucible-type induction furnace. The disadvantage is that the refractory materials in the trench are not easy to check and repair, and it is also necessary to conduct current insulation when not in production, so it is difficult to change the metal variety. It is more suitable for the production of single varieties.

Types of induction furnace can be divided into high-frequency furnaces, medium-frequency furnaces, and power-frequency furnaces according to power supply frequency. According to the processing purpose, it can be divided into a smelting furnace, heating furnace, heat treatment equipment, and welding equipment. Types of induction furnace can also be classified according to the structure and transmission mode. However, according to usage habits, induction furnaces are generally divided into cored induction smelting furnaces, coreless induction smelting furnaces, vacuum induction smelting furnaces, induction quenching equipment, induction head heating equipment, etc.

1. Thermal Induction Melting Furnace

This kind of induction furnace gets its name because it passes through the iron core of the induction coil, and because the heat source is a surrounding metal groove, it is also called a trough furnace. The utility model has the advantages of fast heating speed, high electric heating efficiency, small metal damage, low smelting cost, less equipment investment, convenient operation, etc. However, it is difficult to open the furnace and change metal varieties, so it is more suitable for continuous smelting and heat preservation of single varieties or large quantities of metal.

2. Vacuum Induction Melting Furnace

The smelting furnace is generally used for smelting heat-resistant alloy, magnetic alloy, high-strength steel, electrical alloy, etc. In the smelting process, it is easy to control the furnace temperature, smelting time, and vacuum degree, as well as the additional amount of alloy materials. It is suitable for smelting heat-resistant alloys containing aluminum, titanium, and other active elements.

3. Induction Hardening Equipment

The equipment is mainly composed of a power supply, quenching machine tool, and quenching control equipment (including an inductor). It has the advantages of good quality, fast speed, low cost, less oxidation, easy mechanization, and automation.

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